Proppant refers to natural sand or artificial high-strength ceramic particles with a certain particle size and gradation. Ceramic proppant is made of bauxite as raw material, granulated by powder and sintered, and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, high strength, high conductivity, low density, low crushing rate, etc., and is the most widely used.
Coating resin on the surface of sand or ceramsite can further improve the strength and conductivity of the proppant. Proppants are key materials for fracturing operations.

